المستخلص: |
This work poses the general problem of the relationship between development and justice, and deals particularly with the Tunisian example, with the relationship between development policies followed in Tunisia since independence, and the socio-spatial fractures that were among the major causes of the 2011 revolution. In a first part, this work focuses on the study of the place of the concept of justice in geographical approaches, as well as the relationship between space and society on the one hand, and justice on the other. Then, in the second part, the work exposes the foundations of spatial justice and fairness, and the role of development and spatial planning policies in the possibility of their implementation. Finally, in the last part, the work studies the place of spatial justice in the reading of Tunisian revolution, as well as the weight of socio-spatial fractures in its triggering, and the new approaches of regional development that could lead to territorial fairness. The work confirms the hypothesis that the concept of justice can be an interesting entry point for geographers-economists to take part in the change towards more fairness through the approaches they make available to decision-makers, or through their participation in the societal debate on the issue of justice, a recurrent debate in post-revolution Tunisia. The study shows that social justice and economic efficiency go together and that its achievement remains relative and dependent on the postures of social actors.
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