| المستخلص: |
Introduction : One of the major population problems in Egypt is the unbalanced geographical distribution of the population, Where the concentrated most of its population around the Nile Valley and Delta, that the limited space of the area of Egypt, despite the efforts being made to build new cities outside of this valley However, the problem of population concentration around the Nile Valley is still remain. Which led to many problems and disadvantages to society such as environmental pollution. The main finding: 1- The total area of Egypt is more than one million square kilometers, according to the data of the last census Has been implemented in Egypt at 2006, about 98.2% of Egyptians people concentrated in the area about 7.8% of the total area of Egypt (on the Nile Valley and Delta), while about 1.8% of them are spread in The rest of the area (92.2%). 2- The population density according to Egypt's total area about 73 person /km2 , while the population density by populated area reached 925 people /km2. (More than twelve times). 3- Egypt is Consisting of twenty-seven governorates including five of the Borders governorates which share borders with the administrative borders of other countries (Red Sea, New Valley, Matrouh and North and South Sinai), 4- The border governorates Characterized by the large area ( 77.7% of the total area of Egypt) and It's remained for long time with very little of the development programs making it has very little of the population. 5- The population density was about 49 persons/km2 of the total area of the Egypt at 1986 increased to 59 persons/km2 at 1996 and reached 72 persons/km2 at 2006. 6- The population density was 611 persons/km2 of populated area at 986 increased to 751 persons/km2 at 1996, and then rose to 922 persons/km2 at 2006. 7- The density was 212 persons/km2 of total area in 1986 increased after exclude the border governorates to 318 persons/km2 at 2006. 8- concerning the populated area The density was 863 persons/km2 at 1986 increased to 1294 persons/km2 in the last census 2006. 9- There are some governorates suffering from over population such as Qaliubiya, Cairo and Alexandria, where the density in these governorates more than 1500 persons/km2. 10- There are some governorates suffering from high density which ranging from 1000to1500persons/km2 such as Dakahlia, Menoufia, Damietta and Sharkia. 11- There are some governorates the density ranging between: 400-1000 persons/km2,such as Kafr El-Sheikh, the lake, Giza, Fayoum, Port Said, and the other governorates are suffering from rareness of population particularly the border governorates. 12- The index of Concentration on the total of the Egypt was 81.1% at 1986 this percentage declined very slowly during the past two decades, reaching 80.72% in 2006. 13- After excluding the border governorates the index decried to 49.3% at 1986 and decreased to 48.4% at 2006. 14- The Gini Concentration Ratio of the total area was 0.9132 at 1986 declined slightly to 0.9073 at 2006. The recommendation: - Develop a comprehensive strategy for the development of the governorates with low population density to attract people to stay in it - balanced and equitable development among the governorates to reduce the random migration
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