| المستخلص: |
يقدم البحث تعريفاً لمفهوم المجتمع المدني العالمي وطبيعة مكوناته الفرعية المتنوعة، ويقف على أهم مجالات نشاطه كفاعل جديد على صعيد العلاقات الدولية وطبيعة التأثيرات التي يمارسها على الفاعلين الآخرين وفقاً للقضايا التي يهتم بها. وفي نفس الوقت يقف على أهم إشكاليتين تواجه هذا الفاعل الجديد، وهما: مشكلة شرعيته وإمكانية مساءلته
The most important points of this study can be summarized as follows: 1- Global civil society is a new actor in the field of international relations. Despite its diversity, plurality and ambiguity of some of its components it plays a significant role under the development the world is witnessing in the era of globalization and the growth of global values, global economy and global politics. 2- There is diversity in the identity of global civil society between the neo-liberal version which manifests through the international NGOs, and the New Left version through the social movements and the postmodern version which include organizations and movements that belong to the non-Western world and also include religious movements in Muslim societies. 3- Global civil society exercises activities at the global level through different mechanisms, notably the global networks, international conferences, social movements and international non-governmental organizations. These activities range from humanitarian to political, social, and religious activities in order to achieve the sustainable development. 4- The study has found that the problem of legitimacy associated with a group of other reasons, such as the lack of global standards for them, with the problem of representation, and the limits of the constitutional responsibility for this new global player, the meaning of the term of "civilian" and the problematic relationship between North and South, and the negative role of the governments of democracies or undemocratic states. 5- Global civil society depends on a set of arguments to prove the legitimacy of its activities: government approval, humanitarian standards, and accuracy of the information, financial and political independence, grassroots campaigns, and finally the difference of rules of democratic legitimacy in the domestic and international systems. 6- The study has found that the problem of accountability has other dimensions, such as the shifts of the international reality in the era of globalization, the change in the international system, the difference in the nature of the mechanisms and criteria used in accountability between the state, market and civil society at both the domestic and international levels. 7- The study has discussed the possibility of converting the issue of accountability to a positive point with regard to the reality and the future of global civil society, through establishing standards and practice of democracy at the international level, to encourage public participation in decisions and policies on global issues, trying to involve all players which concerned with civil activities in the process of accountability through international transparency standards.
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