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يتناول هذا البحث النابغة الذبياني الذي عني كثير من دارسي الأدب وناقديه بدراسة حياته وموضوعات شعره دون التطرق إلى الكشف عن البواعث النفسية التي تغلف شعره، خاصة في اعتذارياته. ويعنى هذا البحث باستجلاء صور الخوف عند النابغة كما تمثلت في اعتذارياته. وقد تجلى الخوف فيها في صور مختلفة. وحاولنا الكشف عن تأثير الخوف باصطناع منهج خاص يتناول كل قصيدة على حدة، ويركز عناصر الموقف الاعتذاري داخل القصيدة، وهي: 1-حديث الاتهام. 2-حديث الخوف. 3-حديث التنصل والتبرؤ من الاتهام. 4-حديث الاستعطاف. وحاولت هذه الدراسة الإجابة عن عدد من الأسئلة، منها: مدى تواتر كل عنصر، مدى تحديد الأسلوب المستخدم بين التقرير والتصوير، طابع الأسلوب التقريري، النوع البلاغي للصور المستخدمة، مدى تعاضد العناصر في بنية نفسية مميزة. وأثبتت الدراسة أن عنصر الوحدة النفسية كان يقوى ويطرد مع افتقاد عنصر الوحدة الشكلية بين أجزاء القصيدة.
There was unanimity amongst ancient critics that Al Nabigha Al Thubiani was one of the top four poets in the pre- Islamic period. His fame was manifested prinordially in the sublimity of his images, words, style and music. Literary scholars and critics found interest in Al Nabigha’s life, his tribal policies, the themes of his poetry and a number of technical issues in his poetry without referring to the interior motives of his poetry, especially in his collection known as ‘Apologies, However, ancient literary critics pointed out the importance of interior motives in the creation and quality of poetry which they considered part of the bases of poetry. To this effect, they stated that desire breeds praise and gratitude, fear breeds apology and supplication, delight instigates nostalgia and kindred, and anger leads to satire. It follows that there is a close link between artistic performance and the emotions of the human self in its eternal conflict. Ancient critics confirmed that Al Nabigha was distinguished for his apologetic poetry. Abu Al Hilal Al Askari said that "no one surpassed Al Nabigha Al Thubiani in the quality of his apologetic poetry. On the other hand they shed light on the notion of fear flowing from his poetry, They obviously mean his "Apologies. It follows that this feeling has hypothetically a fundamental role in his artistic performance which will undoubtedly be influenced one way or another by this feeling, although it was not certain that AI Nabigha was himself aware of tills sincc he did not reportedly show any of this awareness. But is the artist always aware of the secrets that his poetry entails? The literary text is open to possibilities for the reader that the poet is not necessarily aware of. Thereupon, this paper aims at elucidating the images of fear in the Apologies of Al Nabigha Al Thubiani. These images unearth some of the secrets shrouding his long standing and controversial relationship with Al Nu’man Bin Al Munther. In order to study these "Apologies" from this perspective there are two methodologies to consider. The first methodology is to study these ''Apologies'1 poem by poem. This of course will lead us to repetitiveness. Added to this is the problem of historiography resulting from having to imagine a definite sequencing of these poems which can not. be authenticated. Besides, it is dear that there is no common ground amongst these poems in terms of structure which makes it difficult to talk about a progressive type of the "apologetic" poem. This leads to the exploration of a second methodology based on identifying the constituent elements of the apologetic stance which is usually available in the apologetic poem regardless of the positioning of these elements in the poem or the ratio of their recurrence. However, both methodologies will be taken into consideration when we try to exhibit from a special point of view, the nature and structure of the apologetic poem even though this will be carried out from a non- formative perspective. Fear in his "Apologies" bad various images according to the levels of this feeling. This was shown on the direct level transforming into an indirect one generating a number of images revealing the fear taking control of the poet who tries to adopt a sioic attimde pretending that it does not exist. My attempt to uncover (he influence of fear is based on structuring a peculiar method which displays the whole of his apologies under one category, and concomitantly, shedding light on the constituents of the apologetic stance within the poem which is represented by: 1.Accusation Discourse 2.Fear Discourse 3.Renunciation and Exoneration Discourse 4.Supplication Discourse In my study of these components, I follow a progressive method that reveals traces of fear in the apologies of Al Nabigha Al Thubiani. I have conducted this first, by reviewing the texts representing each of those constituents, then by discussing a number of issues revolving around the recurrence of each of those constituents. i have also studied the affinity within them with regard to a distinctive psychological set-up. I have paid special attention to the features of the style used, ranging from the confirmatory to the pictorial. I have also explored the nature of the confirmatory method, and figures of speech characterized by the element of fear. This impact is made all more clear in the elements of the apologetic poem. It has also appeared mostly in the use of simile, metaphor and metonymy, and the lack of the traditional structure of the Arab poem as defined by Bin Qutaiba. In my view, this can be considered a distinguished vestige due to the overwhelming presence of fear in all the elements of the apologetic poem. Fear in the main, has led to the disappearance of the element of nominal unity in the poem but simultaneously, it gave the poem a more solid psychological unity
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