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|a Ninety six prepubertal albino male rats were used in this study, they were weighed and randomly divided into four groups. Treatment lasted for 120 days as fallows : G1, control, was given (1ml) normal saline with oro-gastric tube , G2, was given 75mg / kg / b.w Uranyl acetate via oro-gastric tube, G3 was given( 3 mg/Kg) Lemon grass oil , and G4 was treated with Effective Microorganism (EM) (3 mg/Kg) ,G5 was given uranyl acetate then lemon grass oil , G6 was given uranyl acetate via oro-gastric tube then EM , G7 was given lemon grass oil then uranyl acetate and G8 was given EM then uranyl acetate. At the end of the treatment all animals were weighed and blood samples were collected by heart puncture, then they were killed to determine the effect of lemon grass, EM and Uranyl acetate on the following parameters: The concentration of total cholesterol (T.C), triglycerides (T-G), and the cholesterol of high ,low and very low density lipoproteins (HDL-C),( LDL-C ) and ( VLDL-C). In addition the concentration of Malondialdehye MDA and Glutathione GSH were determination in serum and homogenates liver. As well a Histological changes in the stomach, small intestine , large intestine and liver were studied. The results showed: 1- A significant (p<0.05) increase in T.C, T.G, LDL-C, VLDL-C, and MDA in serum and homogenates liver and decrease in T. C, T.G, LDL-C,VLDL.C and MDA in (G7)and(G8). 2- A significant (p<0.05) decrease in HDL-C, GSH in serum homogenates liver in (G2) and a significant (p<0.05) with a significant (p<0.05) increase in HDL-C ,GSH in (G3),(G4),(G7) and (G8) in comparison with control group.
|a In the study of light microscope the following results were observed: 1- A degenerative changes were observed in different areas from stomach tissue in (G2),these changes represented as follows : 2- In some regions the stomach appears to lack their normal cytoarchytucture, the gastric glands characterized with changes in their shape and its activity (hyper-secretion), with an increase in their mitotic activity. 3- In other regions a degenerative changes in the lining epithelial tissues were observed represented with pyknotic nuclei, hypertrophy of some epithelial cells while other cells were modified into secretory cells. Another important phenomenon was found in which a collections cells with irregular nuclear shape were seen. These changes lead to infiltration of plasma cells and inflammatory cells with an increase in the blood vessels with the hemorrhage. While a normal appearance of histological structure of stomach in (G3),(G5) and (G7) were observed, but in (G4) and (G6) and (G8) some degenerative changes were found in glandular cell with an increase in blood vessels in comparison with (G2). 4- Examination of intestine in (G2) exhibit a papilla form growth of intestinal epithelium with an increment in goblet cells number (hyperplasia),these goblet cells reflect a hyper-secretion activity, also an increment in blood vessels were found, which reflect a hyperemia. The intestinal glands were modified into different shapes, some of them have multinucleated giant cells. Also a tumor mass was observed in the lumen of the gland with the infiltration of inflammatory cells. 5- In (G3),(G4) and (G7) the epithelium of intestine have normal appearance ,while in (G5) a papilla form growth of intestinal epithelium was observed but in small area ,however (G6) showed an infiltration of lymphocytes was found with transformation of epithelial cells from columnar shape to cuboidal shape (metaplasia), with degeneration of some micovilli, as well as (G8) showed a simple degenerative changes in intestinal glands.
|a 6- A degenerative changes in epithelial cells lining large intestine were observed in (G2) with hyperplasia of goblet cells which reflect hyper activity secretion. An increment in the infiltration of blood vessels were seen which reflect a hemorrhage phenomena. While (G3), (G4) and (G7) showed normal appearance of the epithelial cells but some intestinal glands were degenerated, and infilteration in (G4) and (G7) while in (G5) and (G8) degenerative cells in addition abnormal folds and cloudy cytoplasm in (G6) 7- A degenerative changes were observed in different areas of liver tissue in (G2), these changes include: vaculation of their cytoplasm, some of hepatic cells appears hypertrophied , with a spaces like cyst structures in attachment with nucleus of some hepatic cells, while other hepatic cells have pyknotic nuclei , Tumor mass with multi-nucleated cells was found within hepatic cells , sinusoid enlargement with infiltration of inflammatory cells. Despite of the normal cytoarchture of liver tissue in (G5),(G6) some degenerative changes were seen. As to (G7) enlargement of sinusoid blood capillary was observed .While (G5) showed depletion of their cytoplasmic contents .An infiltration of some inflammatory cells in other areas of (G6) was found. From these results we can conclude that the treatment with Uranyl acetate has a negative effects, and the active components of lemon grass oil and effective microorganism (EM) reflects an important role in the inhibition of these effects in different parameters that has been taken in consideration in this study.
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