| المستخلص: |
يقوم هذا البحث بالتحري عن درجة رضاء العملاء عن خدمات طب الأسنان في مراكز طب الأسنان الخمس في دولة الكويت. لتحقيق ذلك تم تصميم استمارة استبيان لجمع البيانات عن مدى الرضاء عن خمسة أبعاد للخدمة تشمل: العوامل البيئية، خدمات الاستقبال، خدمات طاقم التمريض، خدمات أطباء الأسنان، خدمات الصيدلة، ومدى الرضاء الكلي. هذا وقد تم دراسة أثر العوامل الديمغرافية على درجة رضاء المراجعين، كما تم من خلال بناء نموذج انحدار دراسة مدى تأثير كل بعد من أبعاد الدراسة على درجة الرضاء الكلي عن خدمات طب الأسنان في دولة الكويت.
This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of board characteristics and concentrated ownership in reducing agency, cost among firms listed on the Saudi market over the period 2010-2012. It employs two measures of agency cost: the ratio of assets utilization and operating expenses ratio. Multivariate random effect regression is used to analyze the data. Findings reveal that a higher percentage of outside directors seem to be effective in reducing agency cost. Moreover, a larger board and audit committee size serve the same role but, frequent meetings by board directors, the existence of a nomination and remuneration committee and financial expertise in audit committee do not appear to protect the firm from agency cost. The study also provides evidence that concentrated ownership including board ownership and family ownership reduce the level of agency cost while blockholder ownership has no effective. These results are consistent with agency theory, which predicts that a beneficial governance system and concentrated ownership mitigate agency cost. These findings could be helpful for Saudi regulators in their attempts to enhance the quality of monitoring mechanisms and reduce agency cost. This paper also provides a fundamental contribution to the agency costs debate by presenting new evidence from Saudi Arabia which has different characteristics in ownership structure. This study does not take endogeneity test in consideration.
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