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The postcolonial African writers offer an alternative discourse which is oppositional and contestatory. By rewriting and redefining their culture and history, they subvert the dominant European discourse. In the postcolonial view, reality becomes complex and hybrid. The realist mode in African writing has been replaced by new stylistic features and literary tropes which transcend or disrupt the limits and perceptions of realism. Satire is one of these literary tropes. Before dealing with satire and the carnivalized discourse in some of Ngugi’s and Armah’s texts, I will first refer to some theoretical definitions of postcolonial satire along with Mikhail Bakhtin’s concepts of “grotesque realism” and folk laughter as a means of understanding the comic nature of the vision of both writers.
La satire, qui est l’objet de notre étude, est l’une des stratégies génériques, rhétoriques et politiques utilisées dans le discours postcolonial pour offrir une vision moins eurocentrique. Certains textes romanesques de Ngugi wa Thiong’o et de Ayi Kwei Armah réorientent quelques notions satiriques occidentales en offrant des exemples, de satire en termes d’hybridité, de syncrétisme, de multidirectionalité et de protestation anticoloniale. Notre étude est en partie basée sur certains fondements théoriques puisés de l’oralité ainsi que de certains éléments du carnavalesque ou du réalisme grotesque Bakhtinien.
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