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It has been presented to the department of Arabic Language of the Arts Faculty in Dhamar University. This research investigates the grammatical and semantic matters concerning Not and its equivalents. In the Introduction the researcher discussed the lingual and idiomatic notion of negation and the difference between the negation and odium and the negation's kinds, divisions and tools. The second chapter is titled by clauses' conditions in denial context. The first part clarifies the omission in the denial context, while the second section explains the conjunction in the denial clause by using Not and its counterparts. The third part discusses the annulment in the denial clause by using Not and its counterparts and the fourth part discusses the emphasis of the annulment in the denial clause by using Not and its counterparts. The fifth discusses the effect of the change of the order of words in the denial clause by using Not and its parallels. The third chapter is headlined by the indication in the context of the denial clause by using Not and its equivalents. The first section discussed the indicative differences among the negative articles. The second part clarifies the time indication of Not and its counterparts. The third section presents the indicative purposes in the negation by using them. The fourth part presents an analytical study to the negative clauses by Not and its counterparts, in light of the Transformational generative theory. The conclusion refers the extracted results, objectives and answers of questions that this research seeks to explore, as follows: -It appears through the research that we can assemble subject matter of the negation using Not and its counterparts in a distinct syntactic lesson. This lesson has its own existence, terms and traits, as these negative articles have many common and mutual attributes that enable us to put them in an independent section in the context of Arabic negative syntax. The research explains that we can reach an integrated definition of the negation as a linguistic method means to deny attributions of predicates to some subjects and it may be explicit or implicit. The research found that Not was a verb, originally, but it became inanimate and stripped of some verbal features until it becomes a letter. It was used in one form and a noun clause became in an indefinite time state. However, the researcher presumes that it is a negative particle. -Through scrutinizing similarities and dissimilarities in meaning between Not and its counterparts and other negative articles, the researcher found that the meaning changes according to the negative article itself. Thus, every negative article has its distinctive function. During study, the researcher found that syntactic rule imposing on a negative word affects on the linguistic indication of the whole clause. -The researcher asserts on richness and thoroughness of Arabic language, as the negative words have diverse meanings like confirmation, disbelief, warning, stimulation and excitation. -The researcher found that, new theories in the Arabic syntax and semantics that studied the negation, do not take pains to give this syntactic subject due efforts of expurgating and investigation.
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