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|b The issue of studying difficulties has occupied the attention of researchers and educators, especially the processes of learning and teaching. Scientists have generally shed light on aspects of learning difficulties, their causes, and methods of their diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, this search is an attempt to answer the following question: "What are the difficulties in learning reading and writing in the first primary grade?", "What are the causes of difficulties in learning to read and write for first graders?", and "What are the ways to treat difficulties in learning to read and write for first graders?". So we are using descriptive analytical method in this study as an appropriate approach to the nature of this kind of research. It is not only providing a description of the aspects of the problem, but also dealing with all the dimensions of analysis and interpretation, and thus suggesting some solutions. So we recommend the following: 1- Focus on the use of teaching aids as an important source of learning and for being an effective impact on the interpretation and clarification of concepts and ideas. 2- The need for a centre for educational technology in every school, especially basic education. 3- Developing a plan to detect weaknesses, during the school year, and to adopt an appropriate program of treatment based on the classification of students in groups. 4- Assigning teaching first graders to teachers of high degree of specialization, especially in reading and writing. 5- Use of play and fun, acting and drama with the children to create the desire and motivation in reading. 6- Implementation of training courses on an ongoing basis for the development of the teachers adequacy in dealing with students with learning disabilities and discover the degree of difficulty they have.
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