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المشكلات الإنتاجية لزراع محصول الطماطم ببعض قرى محافظة الإسماعيلية

العنوان بلغة أخرى: The Problems Farmers of Tomatoes Corp Production on some Villages at Ismailia Governorate
المصدر: مجلة الاقتصاد الزراعي والعلوم الاجتماعية
الناشر: جامعة المنصورة - كلية الزراعة
المؤلف الرئيسي: عوض الله، عفاف عبدالفتاح جلال (مؤلف)
مؤلفين آخرين: حسين، أميمة كمال الدين (م. مشارك)
المجلد/العدد: مج12, ع9
محكمة: نعم
الدولة: مصر
التاريخ الميلادي: 2021
الصفحات: 805 - 811
DOI: 10.21608/JAESS.2021.201296
ISSN: 2090-3634
رقم MD: 1228257
نوع المحتوى: بحوث ومقالات
اللغة: العربية
قواعد المعلومات: EcoLink
مواضيع:
كلمات المؤلف المفتاحية:
المشكلات الإنتاجية | المشكلات الإرشادية | محصول الطماطم
رابط المحتوى:
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المستخلص: This Study Aimed Mainly Identifying To The Most Important Problems Which Face Farmers Of Tomato Crop Production in Some Villages At Ismailia Governorate, And Identifying To The Most Important Agricultural Information SourcesUsed by Res Pendants to Resolve These.Finally, As Well As To Identify Their Suggestions To Overcome These Problems Of The Respondents The study was conducted on the following seven districts: Al-Qantara West, Al-Ismailia district, Abu Sweir, Fayed, Al Qasasin, Al-Tal Al-Kabeer, and Al-Qantara Sharq. One village was chosen from each district according to the criteria of area and number of crops, and it was: Al-Riyah village from Al-Qantara West district, and Al-Ashr Association From Ramadan from the Ismailia district, the new Abu Sweir Association from the Abu Suwayr district, the Abu Sultan village from the Fayed district, the Rowad al-Mahsah village from the Al Qasasin district, the Angel Village from the Al-Tal Al-Kabeer district, and the Taqadam village from the Qantara East district, respectively, and the size of the research sample was 200 respondents. According to the Krejcie & Morgan equation from the comprehensive research of the 420 farmers in the selected villages. The field data were collected by the personal interview of the respondents using a questionnaire form prepared for this purpose after verifying its validity, during the month of January 2021. The arithmetic mean, standard deviation, range, and tabular display with frequencies and percentage in the presentation of results were used in statistical analysis of the data. The most important results of the study were the following: 1- Problems related to seed and seedlings: It came as follows: the high prices of good seedlings, the high prices of recommended seeds, the seeds in the market of unknown origin, and finally the lack of seeds of good and recommended varieties at rates of 100%, 81%, 80%, 74%, respectively. 2- Problems related to preparing the soil for agriculture: the increase in the rent of agricultural mechanization by 86%, and the lack of mechanization in agricultural associations by 82.5% of the respondents. 3- Problems related to crop irrigation: the eight of them were arranged in descending order according to their percentage as follows: the high price of kerosene fuel used for irrigation machines, the increase in the cost of electricity irrigation due to its high bills, the frequent power outages, the high prices of drip irrigation or sprinkler supplies, and the high cost of drilling wells For irrigation, and the high prices of irrigation machines suitable for the depth of wells And the high prices of electric motors and their maintenance, and the high maintenance prices for used irrigation machines, at rates of 94%, 94%, 91%, 84%, 80%, 76%, 71%, 67%, respectively. 4- Problems related to the fertilization of the crop: ranked in descending order according to what the respondents mentioned as follows: the increase in the price of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers by 87.5%, the unavailability of organic fertilizers and its increase in its price by 61%, and the lack of chemical fertilizers in agricultural associations by 51%05- Problems related to pest control: ranked in descending order as approved by the respondents as follows: the increase in the price of pesticides by 90%, the increase in the rental price of spraying motors by 80%, the lack of spraying machines in the agricultural association by 60%, and the lack of pesticides in cooperative societies at 55%06- Problems related to agricultural employment: the high wages of trained workers by 93%, and the lack of trained manpower by 81% of the respondents. 7- Problems related to financing: represented in the lack of financing sources for farmers at a low interest rate of 87%, the increase in the harvesting process by 85%, and the difficulty of farmers providing loan guarantees by 56% of the respondents. 8- Extension problems: they came in fourteen problems arranged in descending order as follows: lack of knowledge about the appropriate signs of maturity of the crop by 91%, lack of farmers’ participation in extension activities by 87%, and lack of knowledge of soil pollution as a result of excessive use of fertilizers and agricultural pesticides by 87 %, and the lack of agricultural extension fields in the region by 86%, and the lack of knowledge of the appropriate variety for the soil and the region by 85%, And holding guidance seminars at dates and places that are not suitable for farmers by 83%, and the farmers’ lack of knowledge of the symptoms of the lack of fertilizer effect on plants by 82%, the lack of technical bulletins related to the crop by 82%, the lack of guides in the region by 79%, and the lack of knowledge on how to maintain irrigation networks 79%, lack of knowledge of appropriate irrigation dates by 78%, lack of knowledge of the method of adding fertilizer by 74%, lack of knowledge of the manifestations of diseases and insect pests by 73%, and lack of knowledge of appropriate fertilizer rates by 71% of the total respondents.

استهدفت هذه الدراسة بصفة أساسية التعرف على أهم المشكلات التي تواجه زراع محصول الطماطم عند إنتاجيته ببعض قري محافظة الإسماعيلية، والتعرف على أهم المقترحات لحل تلك المشكلات من وجهة نظر الزراع المبحوثين بمنطقة البحث. تم أجراء الدراسة في محافظة الإسماعيلية على عينة عشوائية منتظمة بلغت 200 مبحوثا من سبعة قرى بمراكز المحافظة خلال عام 2021، واستخدم في جمع البيانات استمارة الاستبيان بالمقابلة الشخصية، وتمثلت الأساليب الإحصائية المستخدمة في تحليل البيانات وعرض النتائج في التكررات والنسبة المئوية والمتوسط الحسابي وكانت أهم النتائج التي أسفرت عنها الدراسة ما يلى: مشكلات متعلقة بالبذرة والشتلة: ارتفاع أسعار الشتلات الجيدة، وارتفاع أسعار البذور الموصي بها بنسب 100%، 81% على الترتيب. مشكلات متعلقة بتجهيز التربة للزراعة: ارتفاع أسعار إيجار الميكنة الزراعية بنسبة 86%، وعدم توفر الميكنة بالجمعيات الزراعية بنسبة 82.5% من المبحوثين. مشكلات متعلقة بري المحصول: ارتفاع سعر وقود الكيروسين المستخدم لألات الري، وزيادة تكلفة الري بالكهرباء لارتفاع فواتيرها، وكثرة انقطاع التيار الكهربائي بنسب 94%، 94%، 91% على الترتيب. مشكلات متعلقة بتسميد المحصول: ارتفاع سعر الأسمدة الآزوتية والبوتاسية بنسبة 87.5%، وعدم توفر السماد العضوي وارتفاع سعره بنسبة 61%0 مشكلات متعلقة بالعمالة الزراعية: ارتفاع أجور العمال المدربين بنسبة 93%، وقلة الأيدي العاملة المدربة بنسبة 81% من المبحوثين. مشكلات متعلقة بالتمويل: تمثلت في عدم توفر مصادر تمويلية للزراع بفائدة منخفضة بنسبة 87%، وارتفاع عملية جمع المحصول بنسبة 85% من المبحوثين. المشكلات الإرشادية: نقص المعارف عن علامات النضج المناسبة للمحصول بنسبة 91%، وعدم مشاركة الزراع في الأنشطة الإرشادية بنسبة 87%، وعدم المعرفة بتلوث التربة نتيجة الإسراف في استخدام الأسمدة والمبيدات الزراعية بنسبة 87% من إجمالي المبحوثين.

ISSN: 2090-3634