| المستخلص: |
تعمد الدراسة إلى تقديم قراءة طباقية بيئية مقارنة لـ"يانى على الجبل "لديفيدجروسمان و"رأيت رام الله" لمريد البرغوثي وترياق الحب" للويز اردريش. يتميز المنهج النقدي الطباقي لإدوارد سعيد بالتركيز على كيفية إظهار الآخر وإلقاء الضوء على البقع المظلمة لا شعوريا أو المطموسة عمدا. كما يستخدم البحث المنهج النقدي البيئي فيظهر بجلاء تجرو الإنسان على الناموس الكوني وعلى الطبيعة الأم ففيه إشارة لعوالم تتداعى وهوية تختطف ويعكس ذلك نقدا لمواضيع شتى مثل الحرب والاحتلال والتطهير العرقي في الروايات الثلاث على التوالي.
This research offers a contrapuntal, ecocritical and comparative reading of contemporary Middle Eastern and Native American Fiction. Nature is emblematic of socio-political, psychological, archetypal and historical issues in David Grossman’s novella “Yani on the Mountain”, Murid Barghouti’s I Saw Ramallah, and Louis Erdrich’s Love Medicine 1. The reading is also informed by Edward Said’s contrapuntal approach highlighting absences and omissions as well as the portrayal of the Other. Nature, anthropomorphized and personified, is turned from an element of harmony to that of discord, due to a state of chaos perpetuated by mankind. Several images, symbols and motifs are recurrent in each work, in addition to the multiplicities of narratives and tenses. The cyclical narrative structure and zigzag progression of story-telling accentuate the somehow morbid mood and sordid atmosphere. Furthermore, the authors’ human dissatisfaction with chaos is crystallized in their statement on past and current affairs as well as the somehow gloomy future prospects. All this is best embodied in the womb-tomb motif prevalent in the three works, where the journey home is, in fact, an engulfment by abysmal return. Mythical as well as Biblical and Quranic allusions paradoxically strip the setting of the expected positive connotations, only to reinforce the apocalyptic quality of these counternarratives. Sociopolitical and historical subtexts glimmer beneath, reinforcing man’s setting loose of the evil in Pandora’s Box. From Yiddish and Canaanite to Chippewa, the three works spark a journey of aesthetic beauty and involve the reader in an urgent commitment to pressing human needs. All this is beautifully done through abysmal return to Mother Nature.
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