520 |
|
|
|f On the subject of Tafseer (exegesis), the scholars focussed on the method of the Mufassiroon (commentators) until they understood it. And the Usulioon (The scholars of Usul al-Fiqh) focused on the statement of the companions of the Prophet (PBUH) about the rulings in Islam; however, the views of the companions in the commentary of the Quran did not receive attention and classification, so I intended to focus the research on this matter. I focussed on a well known traditional commentator of the Quran, Ibn Katheer to examine his position on the interpretation of the companions. I concluded the research with the following findings:\n1.\tIbn katheers view regarding the view of the Sahabi (companion) concerning the Sabab An-Nuzool (the reason for revelation): that he gives it back to him so long as no other person disagrees with him. If someone else disagrees with him, he then outweighed between the Sabab An-Nuzool (the reason for revelation). Ibn katheer did not comment on the Asbab An Nuzool (reasons for revelation) unless there was a possibility of Takhsees (specificity), so the Generality in the ayah was expounded on. Or when something reached him which contradicted the Sabab (Reason), so ibn Katheer would decide about the Sanad (Chain) whether it is weak or not in a position to be elevated. \n2.\tIbn Katheer's attitude towards the Sahabi's (companion) interpretation of the meaning of aayaat (verses), that sometimes he mentions the words of the Sahaabi (companion) starting with it and does not follow it. That indicates his support. And if he follows him then deals with him in a strange manner or is critical of him or takes his word in general when the view of the companion indicated Takhsees (specificity), And if there is a possibility to combine the saying of the Sahaba (companion) then to combine them, And this is a indication that Ibn Kathir does not invoke the views of the companions in exegesis, Rather he takes care of it and submits it, and if it is approved then it is because of external evidence such as context and the like.\n3.\tIbn Katheer invokes the view of the companion for a linguistic meaning and he used to quote the view of the companion as a supporter of it, and sometimes he explained its origin and sometimes he showed the linguistic meaning was more comprehensive than what the companion mentioned. \n4.\tIbn Katheer’s position regarding the companion's mention of the news of Bani Israel’s criticism and opposition, sometimes he explains the uselessness in the marketing of these narratives and sometimes he explains the strangeness, disgrace and contradiction to the Shariah (Islamic law). \n5.\tThe position of Ibn Katheer concerning the difference of the companions whether some of them or other than them in the subject of Tafseer (interpretation), as follows: combining the words or giving them a weighing effect, and sometimes he may say that they should stop. If the difference is verbal he does not outweight.\n6.\tThe position of Ibn Katheer regarding the view of the companion in the Nasikh (Abrogator) and Mansook (Abrogated), it differs according to the health of the chain and is popularity, and sometimes he agrees with the view of the companion in the issue and sometimes he disagrees with it, and sometimes he opposes and sometimes he combines the words of the companion without indicating his support. \n7.\tIbn Katheer's position on the view of the Sahaabi (companion) in al-Makki and al-Maadani: sometimes it is with his consent, and sometimes while disagreeing with him, and sometimes by combining the views when there is disagreement and sometimes by outweighing between the views, and sometimes by hiding it after publicising it. \n8.\tThe position of Ibn Katheer concerning the difference of narratives regarding the companion in the Tafseer (exegesis), sometimes it presents the correct view and sometimes it presents the most popular view and sometimes he gives the approval to the Quranic context. \n9.\tIbn Katheers stance on the view of the Sahabi on the first and the last that was revealed in the Quran, he reviewed the narrations without commenting or disagreeing in all the situations except in one place at the end of Surah Al Kahf. \nThis abstract translated by Dar AlMandumah Inc. 2018
|