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|b Translating military idioms from English to Arabic in a civilian language is a challenging issue for translators. The challenge's complexity suggests that this translation contains a significant misinterpretation and incorrect rendering of the source language. This study aims to identify the primary difficulties encountered by M.A. students in the Translation Department when translating military idioms, as well as the techniques and strategies used to translate such terms. The study hypothesizes that the most prevalent difficulties faced by translators when translating English military idioms used in civilian language into Arabic are primarily due to cultural differences. Students commonly employ several ways to translate English military idioms used in civilian language contexts into Arabic, and the Translation of pure idioms is more challenging than semi-idioms ones. Theoretically, the study presents a literature review that includes some of the earlier studies related to this study. It deals with issues in the field of translation, as well as military idioms in English and Arabic. It also discusses characteristics of military idioms, the use of military idioms in civilian language, challenges in translating military idioms, and previous studies on the translation of military idioms. The discussion includes studies on strategies for military idioms, literal translation, cultural adaptation, paraphrasing, explanation, addition, and omission. The analysis uses 15 military idioms used in civilian language context, selected from videos on the YouTube channels (Interactive English and www.engvid.com). Ten M.A. students from the Department of Translation, College of Arts, University of Tikrit, voluntarily agreed to participate in the test to translate these 15 military idioms. Fernando (1996) uses a linguistic model that categorizes idioms into three types: pure idioms, semi-idioms, and literal idioms, which this study utilizes. Vinogradov (2004:190) outlines three distinct strategies of translation: translation by one word, translation by description, and literal translation. An essential discovery of this study is that M.A. students have numerous difficulties when translating English military idioms used in civilian language contexts into Arabic due to a lack of awareness of the cultural differences between English and Arabic. This study argues that it is important to identify a target language idiom translating through paraphrase. Also, being familiar with the accepted strategies may aid the student's ability to translate more properly. Finally, it indicates that the type of idiom has a minimal impact on understanding its meaning and assisting a suitable translation.
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