المستخلص: |
This a Article is a historical review about English language in Sudan. The writer gave a detailed description for the syllabuses used, text books and the teaching methods applied in the different eras. English language leaning was started when the British occupied the Sudan. The first syllabus was mainly Egyptian Readers; the teaching method was the grammar Translation Method. Students were motivated to lean English, as with English language they could get governmental jobs. After the First Word War, there was a change in the educational objectives and consequently a change took place in the English language syllabus. The New Method Readers were introduced and the Direct Method was adopted. When Gordon Memorial College was up-graded from a secondary school to a university college, Cambridge School Certificate was revised and a new syllabus designed which advocated the teaching of the four skills and translation. Latter other developments were made to reinforce the reading skill. The Direct method that was previously used changed to a rather an eclectic approach. By the late 1930s, the change of teaching/learning theories lead to change to the Oral Approach which concentrated on the teaching of structural patterns and the development of oral skills rather than the teaching of vocabulary. New texts were added to the syllabus and the Audio-Lingual Approach was used. The complains about the law standard of English never stopped. The call for a national syllabus was also raised after the Independence of the country, as well as, for using Arabic instead of English as a medium of instruction. There was always a search for an appropriate syllabus. By the early 1980s The Nile Course was introduce as a book written specially for Sudanese learners. The Nile Course, which adopted the Communicative Approach, was used for about fifteen years; and then, and for the first time a national syllabus [SPINE] came into existence. SPINE , which was mainly communicatively written was fairly based on the Eclectic Approach. The book is still in schools.
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